Esi sihloko ekuqaleni sibonakale sisininzi aWalmartibali.Walmartsisiqalo esilungileyo, njengoko isenokuba yeyona {0}imeko eyaziwayo.
Walmartibhengezwe ngo-2024 ukuba bakhupha iileyibhile zeshelufu ze-elektroniki kwiivenkile ezingamawaka ambalwa ngo-2026. Emva komqhubi we-pilot e-Texas, bagqiba ekubeni bahambe kakhulu. IWalmart iyisebenzisela ntoni le nkqubo? Izinto ezimbini: Okokuqala, abasebenzi batshintsha amaxabiso nge-app ephathwayo{3}}umsebenzi obukade uthatha iintsuku ezimbini ngoku uthatha imizuzu nje. Okwesibini, iilebhile zikhanyisa izibane ukunceda abasebenzi ukuba bafumane ngokukhawuleza izinto ezifuna ukuphinda zilungiswe okanye zicholwe. Kwivenkile enkulu elawula amashumi amawaka ee-SKU, oku kubonisa imali yokwenyani kwinzuzo esebenzayo.
Nangona kunjalo, iYurophu ibikwenza oku amashumi eminyaka.IMetroeJamani ingene kulomdlalo emva phakathi-ngowama-90{3}}mhlawumbi ngo-1995, nangona oku kungaqinisekwanga ngokupheleleyo-xa inkampani ethile yaseSweden yaphumelela ikontrakthi yeevenkile zabo zeCash & Carry. Phantse iminyaka eyi-30 ngaphambili kunokuba abantu abaninzi bacinga ngokuba "iteknoloji entsha."
Ke xa abezopolitiko baseMelika baqala ukothuka malunga "nexabiso lokunyuka" kwehlobo elidlulileyo, abantu baseYurophu bebenazo ezi zinto ngonaphakade kwaye akukho mntu wenza uqhushululu ezitratweni ngenxa yamaxabiso esonka.
Okungakumbi ngaloo mpikiswano kamva. Okokuqala, ngakumbi malunga nokuba ngubani ngokwenene osebenzisa ezi zinto.
Abathengisi baseUnited States
Krogerwaqala ukuvavanya ngexesha elithile malunga ne-2018, mhlawumbi ngaphambili, kwaye uye wanda ukuya kwiivenkile ezingamakhulu ambalwa ngoku. Inkqubo yabo inegama lodidi{2}}EDGE into ethile, emele Uboniso oloNgeziweyo lweNdawo yegrosari{3}}kwaye ngaphandle kokubonisa amaxabiso, inokubonisa ulwazi lwesondlo, iintengiso ezenzelwe wena, kunye namakhuphoni. I-CEO yabo ngelo xesha yathetha into entle malunga nokwakha inkqubo yendalo engenamthungo enikwa idatha. Okuqaphelekayo malunga ne-Kroger yayiyimpendulo yabo kwiinkxalabo "zexabiso lokunyuka" -"Ukucaca, u-Kroger akazange asebenzise amaxabiso okunyusa." Leyo yingxelo eyomeleleyo, kwaye kutheni le mpikiswano ingengomba{8}}izakwandiswa kamva.
Amazon FreshkwayeUkutya Okupheleleyonazo, kunjalo. I-Amazon ifuna ukuzama zonke-ezikwivenkile yobuchwepheshe{2}}iileyibhile zeshelufu ye-electronic zidala intsebenziswano nge-Just Walk Out checkout-inkqubo yazo yasimahla.Kohl'syayingaphambili, ukuzisebenzisa ukusukela ngo-2015 okanye kunjalo, ibenza babe ngomnye wabamkeli bangaphambili e-USEkujoliswe kukosele iqalile ukubelwa, nangona usebenziso lwabo lwahluke kancinane-basebenzisa ikakhulu isoftwe yeleyibhile ye-electronic kwishelufa ngaphambili{1}}ukufaka izibeko zevenkile kunye nolandelelwano lweshelufa, ngakumbi njengesixhobo solawulo lweshelufu.
IYurophu
Imarike yaseYurophu iqulethe iimeko ezenza ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwaseMelika kubonakale kuthozama.
Jemani
IJamani mhlawumbi yeyona nto ihlaselayo. IAldiAbazalwana benza into yaseJamani ngoku{0}baqhuba ukubhaka okusesikweni{1}kucinywe nabanikezeli abaninzi ngaxeshanye. Ubuncinci abathathu okanye abane abathengisi bayakhuphisana, kubandakanywa nenkampani yaseKorea kunye neFrench. Intshukumo yakudala: kutheni ukhetha umthengisi omnye xa unokubenza bakhuphisane?Aldi Südixhobise mhlawumbi ikhulu-ivenkile zento ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kodwa ngokucacileyo akukho kungxama ukuzibophelela. Ngeli xesha kukho elinye ikhonkco laseJamani{2}}Kaufland-ukukhupha ukuvelisa amacandelo kuqala, kwayeLidlungene-kunye nomnye wababoneleli abakhulu baseYurophu.
Kodwa eyona inyanisekileyo ithatha iveladm, ikhonkco levenkile yeziyobisi. Umfo wabo we-IT uyithethe ngqo{1}}into malunga nokuba ukubuyisela utyalo-mali olukhulu kuhlala kunzima, yiyo loo nto beqhubeka nokuvavanya. Iyavakala xa ucinga ngayo-i-dm isebenzisa amaxabiso amiselweyo, yintoni kanye kanye abayikhawulezisayo? Ayinguye wonke umthengisi oyidingayo le nto.
Fransi
IFransi ine-advanteji yekhaya apha-omnye wabanikezeli beeleyibhile ezinkulu ze-elektroniki uzinze phaya. Kukho aCarrefourimeko ekufanele iqatshelwe: enye ivenkile yeengcinga eParis ifake amawaka eelebhile ngexesha elinye, idibanisa uyilo lwasedolophini, ukutya okuphilayo, kunye neenkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonke. Abantu baseYurophu ngokwenene banobunkunkqele kunabo baseMelika xa kufikwa kwiingcamango zokuthengisa.
elamaDatshi
Ukuthetha ngobunzulu{0}}Albert HeijneNetherlands uze nento entsha ngokwenene. Ukuqala ngo-2023, baye bavavanya i-AI{2}}eqhutywa "izaphulelo eziguqukayo": iimveliso zinciphisa ngokuzenzekelayo ixabiso ngokusekelwe kumhla wokuphelelwa kwexesha{3}}ngokusondela ekupheleni, kokukhona isaphulelo sinyuka. I-algorithm iqwalasela indawo, ukukhushulwa, imozulu, ukuthengiswa kwembali, kunye noluhlu. Omnye ovela kwiqela labo lozinzo uthethe into enje, iivenkile ezinkulu zilahla izixa ezikhulu zeemveliso yonke imihla, kwaye bacinga ukuba kuninzi kakhulu. Ukuba oku kubeka isibonda kwinkunkuma yokutya, loo nto iyodwa ithethelela itekhnoloji.
Iunited kingdom
Idatha elungileyo e-UK kunzima ukuyifumana. Ukusasazwa okuthe saa, akukho nto icwangcisiweyo.
Norowe
INorway ifanelwe kukukhankanywa okwahlukileyo nangona kunjalo. Enye yegrosari enkulu-i-ops ekhona inedata yokwenyani ebonisa ukoneliseka kwabathengi okwandisiweyo emva kokufaka iileyibhile zeshelufu zombane, kuba abathengi bathande ulwazi lwemveliso olucacileyo kunye neenkcukacha zokungangeni. Engalindelekanga{3}}ezi lebhile bezicingelwa ukuba ngumdlalo nje wokudlala, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba abathengi bayaqaphela kwaye bayakhathala. Abathengi baseNorway sele besetyenziselwa amaxabiso egrosari atshintsha rhoqo.
Kodwa ngo-Agasti ka-2024, iindaba ezinkulu zaphuma eNorway: abasemagunyeni bokhuphiswano babetha isohlwayo esikhulu kwiivenkile ezininzi zegrosari ngokwabelana ngolwazi lwamaxabiso ngokungekho mthethweni. Nangona ibibandakanya "abazingeli bamaxabiso" abantu kuneeleyibhile zeshelufu ze-elektroniki ngokwabo, le meko ivakalise i-alam kulo lonke ushishino{2}}ukuba ubuchwephesha obubonisa amaxabiso busetyenziswa gwenxa, kukho imingcipheko yokungathembeki.
EAsia
Okwenzeka eAsiya libali elahluke ngokupheleleyo.
Japhan
IJapan mhlawumbi yeyona meko inomdla kakhulu. Urhulumente ngokwenene ubeke umhla wokugqibela onzima: iivenkile eziluncedo kufuneka zifezekise i-RFID epheleleyo okanye i-electronic shelf label coverage ngo-2025. Ngoko ke amatyathanga amakhulu{2}}7-Ishumi elinanye, FamilyMart-abakhethanga nyani ukubamkela, bayatyhalwa. Ingaba bayakuyifikelela na loo nto kujoliswe kuyo ngomnye umbuzo, kodwa isigunyaziso sikhona.
China kunye Korea
Uphando oluya eTshayina naseKorea lwalungekho nzulu njengoko bekufanele ukuba lube njalo. Into eyaziwayo kukuba abamkeli nje{1}}benza. Kukho ubuncinci umthengisi omnye waseTshayina kunye nomnye waseKorea oye waba ngabadlali ababalulekileyo behlabathi. Amagama abo avela kwintsebenziswano engacwangciswanga rhoqo. I-engile yaseKorea inika umdla kuba abathengi babo sele bekhululekile kwiintlawulo zeselula kangangokuba i-NFC{5}}iileyibhile ezinikwe amandla ziziva zendalo apho. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuninzi okwenzekayo kwezi marike ezingabanjwanga apha.
Ezinye iiMarike
Khanada
Ambalwa amatyathanga amakhulu aqale ukukhutshwa okukhulu mva nje, kwayeUthobelayayingomnye wabo. Akukho nto ininzi esinokuyithetha ngeCanada. Iyenzeka, inkulu, kodwa akukho nto idala kakhulu.
Ostreliya
Ukwamkelwa kunyuka ngokukhawuleza eOstreliya. Kodwa akukho kuphunyezwa kobuchule obuthile obuthe bavela apho okwangoku.
Abathengisi abancinci
Kukwakho netyala elincinci ekufuneka liqatshelwe: ivenkile yegrosari eBrooklyn, eNew York. Umnini wathetha into enje, ngentsasa yangoLwesihlanu wokuqala emva kokufaka iileyibhile zeshelufu yombane, wangena evenkileni kwaye amaxabiso okuthengisa ebesele esebenza xa evulwa{1} kulapho wayesazi ukuba sisigqibo esilungileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha imbono yevenkile encinci iyinyani ngaphezu kokukhutshwa kwenkampani enkulu.
Swiden
ISweden yenye yeendawo ezazalelwa kuzo ubuchwephesha{0}kukho inkampani eyaqala ngeminyaka yoo-1990s kwaye ithi yeyokuqala ukwazisa iileyibhile zeshelufu zombane ezivenkileni.
I "Surge Price" Ingxabano
Ngo-Agasti 2024, iiSenators zase-USElizabeth WarrenkwayeBob Caseywabhala ileta elumkisa u-Kroger ukuba iileyibhile zeshelufu ze-elektroniki zinokuvumela iivenkile zegrosari ukuba zisebenzise "amaxabiso aguqukayo," kunye namaxabiso anyukayo ngokusekelwe kwixesha kunye nemozulu "ukukhupha inzuzo ephezulu." Omnye wezopolitiko waseNew York walandela ngokugxekwa, ethelekisa nendlela ka-Uber yokubeka amaxabiso.
Ngaba le nkxalabo ifanelekile?
Abaphandi abasuka kwizikolo zoshishino ezininzi-enye yayiyi-UC San Diego{1}}ihlalutye idata esuka kwiivenkile ezinkulu zomthengisi kumazwe amaninzi. Isiphelo: iipatheni zokutshintsha ixabiso ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenzisa iileyibhile zeshelufu ye-elektroniki zaziphantse zafana ngokupheleleyo. "Ukuba iileyibhile zedijithali zibangele ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, unokulindela ukubona i-spike ecacileyo kwiinguqu zexabiso ... kodwa asibonanga mahluko anentsingiselo ngaphambi nasemva kofakelo."
Kutheni iivenkile zegrosari zingathengi njenge-Uber? Ingcaciso yabaphandi ithe ngqo: "Ngokungafaniyo ne-Uber okanye iihotele, iivenkile zegrosari azenzi mali ngento nganye{0}}yenza imali ngebhaskithi yakho yonke kunye{1}}nokunyaniseka kwexesha elide.
Omnye umphandi uyibeke ngokungafihlisiyo: "Uluvo lokuba iivenkile zingawonyusa amaxabiso kwiimveliso zomntu ngamnye ukuze zicuthe i-50 eyongezelelweyo yeesenti kubathengi{1}iyinto engakholelekiyo."
Ke zenza ntoni iilebhile zeshelufu ze-elektroniki?Isaphulelo sikufutshane-kwiimveliso zokuphelelwa kwexesha (uqikelelo lucebisa amaxabiso aguqukayo kwizinto ezitshabalalayo kunokunciphisa inkunkuma yokutya ngento efana ne-20%, nangona ukuqina kwelo nani kungaqinisekanga), ukuphucula ileyibhile{2}}ukutshintsha ukusebenza kakuhle, ukucutha iimpazamo zamaxabiso (ukunciphisa iiyantlukwano phakathi kwamaxabiso eshelufu kunye namaxabiso e-scanner), kunye nolawulo olungcono lwe-inventri. Akunjalo emva kwayo yonke into.
Kutheni zingekasetyenziswa iiVenkile ezininzi okwangoku?
Impendulo ecacileyo yileiindleko, kodwa eneneni imdaka ngakumbi kunoko.
Iileyibhile ngokwazo ziqhuba mhlawumbi $15-25 nganye{2}}amanani awohlukeneyo ukusuka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo-nto leyo ivakala kakuhle de izibalo zenziwe kwivenkile eneshumi lamawaka e-SKU. Kodwa loo nto ayinguye nomcimbi wokwenene. Yiyo yonke into eyingqongileyo. Umntu osebenze kwinkqubo yokulinga uthe ukudityaniswa kwe-POS kuphela kuthathe iinyanga ezinde kunokuba nabani na ebelindele. Iinkqubo zelifa, imiba yokufomatha idatha, iphupha elibi eliqhelekileyo. Kwaye ke kusekho isidingo samasango, uqeqesho lwabasebenzi, kunye nesiqingatha sexesha inkxaso yomthengisi ikwindawo yexesha elahlukileyo.
Kodwa nanku umbuzo ophambili: ngaba kukho ivenkile enikiweyo eyifuna ngokwenene le? Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili nge-dm-ivenkile yamachiza yaseJamani, amaxabiso amiselweyo{1}}kutheni bengxamele ukufaka ubuchwephesha obukhawulezisa utshintsho abangalenziyo? Ingqiqo efanayo ivele kwikhonkco legrosari yengingqi eMbindi-ntshona egqibe ekubeni ayiyeke. Umfo wabo wamaxabiso uthe batshintsha amaxabiso kanye ngeveki, mhlawumbi kabini ngexesha leeholide, abayi Walmart. Ubalo lwe-ROI lusebenza kuphela ukuba uhlaziyo rhoqo luyenzeka.
Kukho kwakhona ai-angle yabasebenziukuba abantu abathethi kakhulu, kwaye ayiqondwa ngokupheleleyo. Kwezinye iimarike-zeendawo zaseMazantsi-mpuma eAsia, mhlawumbi i-Indiya, iindawo zase-Afrika{2}}imisebenzi inexabiso eliphantsi kangangokuba ingxabano ye-automation iyawa. Kutheni uchitha amanani amathandathu kubuchwepheshe xa abantu benokuhlawulwa ngokutshintsha iithegi zamaphepha? Idata elungileyo apho ikhoyo le ndawo yokunika ingcebiso ayikho. Mhlawumbi iyahluka kakhulu ngokwelizwe, ngesixeko nkqu.
Kwaye ke kukho okuukuqhekeka kobugcisaumba othe wavela ekufundweni ngababoneleli abohlukeneyo. Iiprothokholi azibekwanga emgangathweni. Abanye basebenzisa iRF, abanye basebenzisa i-NFC, kusekho infrared edadayo kwindawo ethile. Ngoko ukuba umthengisi usebenza kwimimandla emininzi{3}}ii-hypermarkets kwilizwe elinye, iivenkile eziluncedo kwelinye{4}}zisenokuphelela kwiinkqubo ezahluke ngokupheleleyo ezingathethiyo. Le yeyona nto inokwenzeka kwabanye babadlali abakhulu behlabathi, nangona kungekho mntu unokukuqinisekisa kwirekhodi.
